What are the oncotic causes of anasarca?

• A. Cirrhosis
• B. Gastrosis(low protein/malnutrition)
• C. Nephrosis
• D. Cirrhosis, Gastrosis(low protein/malnutrition), Nephrosis

Answer: (D)

Generalized edema from low plasma oncotic pressure happens when albumin levels drop, so fluid moves from the bloodstream into the tissues. Albumin normally helps hold fluid inside vessels; when it’s reduced, interstitial fluid accumulates, leading to anasarca.

Each of these conditions lowers circulating albumin: liver cirrhosis impairs albumin synthesis, nephrotic syndrome causes heavy protein loss in urine, and severe malnutrition reduces protein intake and overall albumin production. Because all three can produce hypoalbuminemia and reduced oncotic pressure, the option that lists all of them best explains oncotic causes of anasarca.